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Roman architecture made use of arches, vaulting, and concrete to enable interior space to be much larger in its buildings. Prior to this, ancient Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Etruscan architecture relied on heavy support on the interior of buildings which meant small rooms and limited design on the interior.
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Roman architecture brought in the ability to create very ornate and impressive interior spaces.
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Travertine began to replace tufa (volcanic stone found in Italy) in the 2nd century BC because it was a great substitute for marble (color-wise) and was more durable.
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Roman architecture replaced the corbeled arch with the true arch which made it possible to create domes with expansive interiors.
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There is not much information on who the Roman architects were. The names that appeared on finished buildings were those of the person who commissioned the work, not the one who designed it.
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In Roman times an architect would be responsible for designing the building, serving as engineer, contractor, and construction supervisor, as well as the budget supervisor.
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Multi-unit apartment buildings in Rome were referred to as 'insulae'.
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Homes in the city were called a 'domus' and homes in the country were called 'villas'.
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Roman architecture made use of aqueducts, which were a type of water system that brought fresh water into the city.
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Roman architecture also included roads that began to be built in 500 BC to make transportation and expansion much easier.
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Roman architecture is responsible for the first large bridges that have lasted for centuries. Romans were the first to use concrete to build bridges.
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Examples of buildings constructed for public use from ancient Roman architecture include the Baths of Trajan, Baths of Diocletian, Baths of Caracalla, Tower of Hercules, Circus Maximus, Curia Hostilia, and Hadrian's Villa.
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Additional examples of ancient Roman architecture include the Catacombs of Rome (burial sites), Pompeii (ancient city destroyed by Mount Vesuvius), and Herculaneum (also destroyed by Mount Vesuvius).
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Some of the most important ideas that Romans brought to architecture at the time of ancient Rome included the true arch, bakes bricks, and the use of concrete and cement for building.
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Some of the most famous examples of Roman architecture include the Roman Forum, the Temples of Venus and Rome, the Temple of Bacchus, the Stadium of Domitian, the Roman Colosseum, Pont du Gard, the Pantheon, the Mausoleum of Hadrian, House of the Faun, Domus Aurea, and the Arch of Titus.
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