Three Types of Services

     There are three types of services in the world and are categorized as consumer, business and public. MDCs predominantly have a large majority of their population working in these service industries while those in LDCs generally have less than 25% in these three services.

Consumer Services: This category provides services to private consumers in the form of doctors, teachers, restaurants, etc. Close to half of all jobs in the US fall in the category of consumer services. There are subgroups within this category and these include healthcare, education, retail/wholesale, and eating/hospitality. These four subgroups are close in percentage of jobs, roughly 10-15 percent each of the total of consumer services.

     In early, permanent settlements, consumer services would have most likely begin with religious/ritual needs as well as creation and storage of tools and weapons. This would have led to the creation of shops and traders buying and selling goods from around the region.

Business Services: This category provides services to individuals in order to increase business or encourage other businesses in growth. Close to a quarter of all jobs fall in this category. Business services include financial, insurance, real estate, professional (accounting, legal), information services such as broadcasting, transportation services, and utility services such as water and electricity.

     In early, permanent settlements, business services would have followed the storefronts opening through real estate, accounting, and legal consultation. In Ancient Sumer, the first written language of the world was created for business records. In these settlements built around river valleys, real estate, surveying, and construction of new buildings would have been a booming industry with an increased population.

Public Services: This category provides services in the form of government. Overall, about 18% of all people work in public services. In fact, when thinking of public services, try thinking of government. There are three levels of government- federal, state, and local. The percentage of public service employees in each level are 25-25-50, respectively. There are more people working for local government since there are far more local governments than state or federal.

     In early, permanent settlements, public services would have followed closely behind the moment real estate and trade developed. This is because of the government institution of taxation. Also, with more permanent settlements, an army or militia would be needed for protection against invaders.



Related Links:
Three Types of Services Quiz
Central Place Theory
AP Human Geography Quizzes
AP Human Geography Notes