Globe Artichoke vs. Jerusalem Artichoke

Globe artichoke and Jerusalem artichoke are types of vegetables that despite their name belong to completely different families of plants. Globe artichoke is a large thistle that belongs to the thistle family. Jerusalem artichoke, also known as sunchoke, is a sunflower-like plant that belongs to the aster family. Globe artichoke originates from North Africa. It has been cultivated since ancient times. Jerusalem artichoke originates from North America. Cultivation of Jerusalem artichoke started long time before first European settlers arrived to America. Both plants are still very popular and commonly consumed around the world. Aside from similar name, globe artichoke and Jerusalem artichoke do not have much in common. They differ in:

Cultivation Requirements

Globe artichoke grows in areas with mild climate, on the light, well-drained soil, exposed to direct sunlight. Jerusalem artichoke thrives in areas with temperate climate and it requires rich, cool soil for the successful growth.

Edible Part of the Plant

Edible parts of globe artichoke are immature flower buds made of overlapping green-purple leaves covered with spines on the tips. Tender ends of the leaves and the base (heart) of a flower bud are used in human diet. Edible part of Jerusalem artichoke is knobby tuber, which looks like a ginger root.

Nutritional Value

Both globe artichoke and Jerusalem artichoke provide plenty of dietary fibers and contain only few calories. Globe artichoke is rich source of vitamins C, K and B9 and minerals such as sodium, phosphorus, manganese and magnesium. Jerusalem artichoke is excellent source of vitamins B1 and B3 and minerals such as iron, potassium, copper and phosphorus.

Consumption

Globe artichoke can be steamed, boiled, grilled or prepared in the microwave. Thorny tips need to be removed before cooking. Globe artichoke is usually consumed as side dish or as an ingredient of various salads, soups and vegetable dishes. Globe artichoke is also used for the preparation of herbal tea and Italian liqueur called "Cynar". Jerusalem artichoke can be consumed raw, in the form of crispy, nutty and sweet snack, or it can be roasted, boiled, steamed or mashed. It is often combined with carrots, potatoes and pumpkins. Jerusalem artichoke is also used for the preparation of alcoholic beverages in Germany.

Medical Properties

Globe artichoke contains substances that improve function of liver, prevent formation of gallstones and lower blood cholesterol level. Jerusalem artichoke contains inulin, complex carbohydrate which improves absorption of calcium and magnesium from the food we eat and lowers blood cholesterol level. It also improves growth of good bacteria in the guts. Since inulin doesn't increase blood sugar level, Jerusalem artichoke is especially good for diabetics.